Silicon (Si) — Metalloid. Atomic number 14.
Dark gray crystalline solid
- Atomic number: 14
- Symbol: Si
- Atomic mass: 28.085 u
- Category: Metalloid
- State: Solid
- Melting point: 1413.85 °C / 1687 K
- Boiling point: 3264.85 °C / 3538 K
- Density: 2.329 g/cm³ (20°C)
- Electron configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p2
- Oxidation states: −4, +2, +4
- Electronegativity: 1.9
- Discovered by: Known since antiquity
Common uses: Semiconductors, Solar cells, Glass, Silicones
Biological role: Important in connective tissue and plant growth.
Frequently Asked Questions about Silicon
What is the atomic number of silicon?
Silicon has an atomic number of 14, meaning each atom contains 14 protons in its nucleus.
What is the atomic mass of silicon?
The standard atomic weight of silicon is 28.085 u (unified atomic mass units).
What category does silicon belong to?
Silicon is classified as a metalloid.
What is the state of silicon at room temperature?
Silicon is a solid at 20 °C (68 °F).
What is the melting point of silicon?
The melting point of silicon is 1413.85 °C / 1687 K.
What is the boiling point of silicon?
The boiling point of silicon is 3264.85 °C / 3538 K.
What is the density of silicon?
The density of silicon is 2.329 g/cm³ (20°C).
What is the electronegativity of silicon?
Silicon has a Pauling electronegativity of 1.9.
What is the electron configuration of silicon?
The electron configuration of silicon is [Ne] 3s2 3p2.
What are the common oxidation states of silicon?
Silicon commonly exhibits the following oxidation states: −4, +2, +4.
Is silicon radioactive?
Silicon is a stable element with no naturally occurring radioactive isotopes.
What is the biological role of silicon?
Important in connective tissue and plant growth.
What are the common uses of silicon?
Silicon is used for: Semiconductors; Solar cells; Glass; Silicones.
