VAT calculator: add or remove VAT from any price. Net × 1.2 = gross (20% VAT). Remove VAT: gross ÷ 1.2. Multi-item invoices and CSV export. Free.
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Use this VAT calculator to instantly add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price, and see the full breakdown of net amount, VAT amount, and gross price. Select your country for the correct VAT rate — or enter any custom rate.
Quick formulas: Add VAT: net × (1 + rate) = gross. Example at 20%: £100 net → £120 gross, VAT = £20. Remove VAT: gross ÷ (1 + rate) = net. Example: £120 gross → £100 net, VAT = £20. VAT component shortcut at 20%: gross ÷ 6.
Basic mode is ideal for quick calculations:
- Enter net, gross, or VAT amount.
- Select a country and VAT rate.
- Get instant VAT breakdown and conversion.
Advanced mode is designed for invoices and multiple items:
- Add multiple rows (up to 100 lines).
- Apply different VAT rates per item.
- Choose rounding per line or invoice total.
- See VAT totals by rate and overall totals.
- Export results to CSV.
B2B reverse charge sets VAT to 0.00 and makes net equal gross, in line with reverse-charge rules.
Tip: Use B2C for standard pricing and switch to B2B only when reverse-charge applies.
VAT Formula
$$\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{Gross} &= \mathrm{Net}\times(1+r) \\
\mathrm{Net} &= \frac{\mathrm{Gross}}{1+r} \\
\mathrm{VAT} &= \mathrm{Net}\times r = \mathrm{Gross}-\mathrm{Net}
\end{aligned}$$
VAT Calculator FAQ
How do you add VAT to a price?
Multiply the net (ex-VAT) price by (1 + rate). At 20%: gross = net × 1.20. Example: net £100 → gross = £100 × 1.20 = £120, VAT = £20. At 21%: net €200 → gross = €200 × 1.21 = €242, VAT = €42.
How do you remove VAT from a gross price?
Divide by (1 + rate) — never just subtract the percentage. At 20%: net = gross / 1.20. Example: gross £120 → net = 120 / 1.20 = £100, VAT = £20. At 21%: gross €242 → net = 242 / 1.21 = €200. Subtracting 20% from £120 gives £96 (wrong).
How do you calculate VAT from a gross amount?
Formula: VAT = gross − (gross / (1 + rate)). Simplifies to: VAT = gross × rate / (1 + rate). At 20%: shortcut is gross ÷ 6 (because 20/120 = 1/6). Example: gross £180 → VAT = 180/6 = £30, net = £150. At 19%: VAT = gross × 19/119 = gross / 6.26.
What VAT rates are used in different countries?
Standard rates: UK 20%, Germany 19%, France 20%, Ireland 23%, Denmark 25%, Luxembourg 17%, Switzerland 8.1%, Australia GST 10%, New Zealand GST 15%. Most countries also have reduced rates (5–15%) for food, books, and healthcare. The calculator lets you select any country or enter a custom rate.
When should I use net, VAT, and gross fields?
Use net when you know the pre-tax price (typical in B2B invoicing). Use gross when you know the consumer price including VAT (typical in retail). Use the VAT field when you have the tax amount and want to work backwards. Enter any one field and the calculator instantly fills the other two.
What is B2B reverse charge mode?
In reverse charge, the buyer (not the seller) accounts for VAT in their own VAT return. The seller's invoice shows net = gross with VAT = 0. Used for: cross-border EU B2B transactions, construction services in some countries, and certain domestic transactions. Select this mode when reverse-charge rules apply to avoid incorrectly charging VAT.
How do you handle invoices with multiple VAT rates?
Use Advanced mode: add each line item with its individual VAT rate (e.g. standard 20%, reduced 5%, zero 0%). The calculator totals VAT by rate and shows the overall net, VAT, and gross. You can also choose whether rounding is applied per line or only to the invoice total — important for compliance with tax authority requirements.
What are common VAT calculation mistakes?
The most common mistakes: (1) Subtracting the VAT % directly from the gross instead of dividing by (1+rate) — gives wrong net. (2) Using the wrong rate for reduced-rate goods. (3) Applying VAT to VAT-exempt supplies. (4) Rounding VAT per line when the tax authority requires invoice-total rounding (or vice versa). (5) Confusing net and gross when entering values.
