Hafnium (Hf) — Transition metal. Atomic number 72.
Steel-gray metal
- Atomic number: 72
- Symbol: Hf
- Atomic mass: 178.49 u
- Category: Transition metal
- State: Solid
- Melting point: 2232.85 °C / 2506 K
- Boiling point: 4602.85 °C / 4876 K
- Density: 13.31 g/cm³ (20°C)
- Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
- Oxidation states: +4
- Electronegativity: 1.3
- Discovered by: Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy (1923)
Common uses: Nuclear reactors, Superalloys, Plasma cutters
Biological role: No known biological role.
Frequently Asked Questions about Hafnium
What is the atomic number of hafnium?
Hafnium has an atomic number of 72, meaning each atom contains 72 protons in its nucleus.
What is the atomic mass of hafnium?
The standard atomic weight of hafnium is 178.49 u (unified atomic mass units).
What category does hafnium belong to?
Hafnium is classified as a transition metal.
What is the state of hafnium at room temperature?
Hafnium is a solid at 20 °C (68 °F).
What is the melting point of hafnium?
The melting point of hafnium is 2232.85 °C / 2506 K.
What is the boiling point of hafnium?
The boiling point of hafnium is 4602.85 °C / 4876 K.
What is the density of hafnium?
The density of hafnium is 13.31 g/cm³ (20°C).
What is the electronegativity of hafnium?
Hafnium has a Pauling electronegativity of 1.3.
What is the electron configuration of hafnium?
The electron configuration of hafnium is [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2.
What are the common oxidation states of hafnium?
Hafnium commonly exhibits the following oxidation states: +4.
When was hafnium discovered?
Hafnium was discovered in 1923 by Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy.
Is hafnium radioactive?
Hafnium is a stable element with no naturally occurring radioactive isotopes.
What is the biological role of hafnium?
No known biological role.
What are the common uses of hafnium?
Hafnium is used for: Nuclear reactors; Superalloys; Plasma cutters.
